Hello,
Quote: Small apertures are a necessity for getting reasonable DOF.
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I agree with you but close aperture up to f/11 don't give you so much more DOF.
The good range is f/8.0 - f/11, max f/11 because the big trouble if you use aperture as f/11 is diffraction.
You can correct it with smart sharpen / unsharp mask etc.. in photoshop.
The sigma 70-300 APO is
not a bad lens, it's a first price lens (less than 200 €) that give you good photos
but no more.
APO version got better controlled CAs than other sigma versions.
The sigma is soft beyond 200 mm as 70-300 mm D ED nikon lens, the 70-300 mm canon lens is better (higher price too) but your camera is a nikon.
Tamron 70-300 SP Di VC USD got a better IQ, not so much fall beyond 200 mm, and the CAs are very well controlled.
The price of the tamron is a little higher than the price of the sigma (about 300 €).
With the raynox lens CAs are not a trouble, my s9600 got
no CAs in proxi/macro when used with DCR150/250.
One day if you want to change your sigma lens.
Buy theTamron 70-300 SP Di VC USD, higher price but not too high and very good quality.
Your trouble was your technique.
You need to practise more, better control of your sigma + DCR-150 and don't forget photoshop.
To get sharp image don't close under f/8.0 and not beyond f/11 (diffraction), less than f/11
if you can.
Don't use the range beyond 200 mm, what is good is to get 1:2 macro because the DOF is thin at 1:1.
Use manual focus and move slowly to be at good distance from your subject.
You must choose your focus point carefully, DOF is thin so you will point to a little part of your subject.
The only way to get more DOF (
DOF that is not thin) is photo stacking.
Too be away from your subject (subjects that are not easy to photography) use long focal but higher is the focal length, smaller is the DOF.