Hey, welcome!
No worries, let's just clear things up
First, these are SD cards and they are not actually "disks" - just refer to them as cards. Second, 8BG and 32GB is a big difference in capacity. The 32GB card can store 4x as many photos as the 8GB card. This difference is quite big and can come in handy if you go on a long trip or take a lot of video. Most people still prefer to fill smaller SD cards first, because you lose fewer photos in case of card failure or loss. The GB number is the total capacity. The speed can be important, but with modern class 10 or UHS-1 cards it is enough. Older cards that might be class 6 or class 4 can require extra time between photos, which can slow down burst mode photography.
I have been photographing for a while and have never filled a 32GB card. I rarely even filled 16GB cards, only on journey that last more than a week. When you are taking photos, there is a little number in the bottom right of the LCD screen, which is a rough estimate of how many more photos you can take with that card (as in, number of frames left). If you switch the two cards, the number will show you the difference in the cards.
Transferring from camera directly to phone is more complicated and I have never tried it myself. I think this depends on the kind of phone you have, so maybe you can start with telling us that (full phone model name, and possibly the Operating system version, if you can find it).
That said, I would still recommend you transfer photos to your computer first. Then only move the selected few photos to the phone from there.