Leica threadmount (LTM / L39) rangefinder lenses won't work on a Pentax mount except for extreme close-ups, so they aren't really comparable. Some Zeiss glass is truly astounding. And some is mass-market and not quite so astounding, like the zillions of black M42 CZJ Tessar 50/2.8's littering the landscape. Some Zeiss glass for uncommon mounts can be good AND cheap, like my little aluminium Exakta-mount CZJ Tessar 50/2.8 with 12 iris blades (US$8 a couple months ago). I started a thread detailing an easy non-destructive adaptation of Exakta lenses to Pentax mount. Just don't snap-up all the Exakta-mount Zeiss glass before I get some more, please.
Schneider glass is in the same league as the best from Leitz, Zeiss, and Asahi Pentax, but tends to be less adaptable to Pentax mounts. AFAIK Schneider didn't make too many M42 lenses. They had a close relationship with Kodak and made good lenses in DKL mount for Retina SLRs, but a DKL-PK adapter costs ~US$100, ouch. Schneider also made/makes outstanding enlarger lenses which can be used on bellows for general or macro photography for decent costs. And then there's the most outrageous lens I own, a Schneider Betavaron 50-125/4-5.6 enlarger zoom, on 30mm externsion for general use: brutally sharp, creamy bokeh despite it's star-shaped 5-blade iris, and damn weird to use (US$70 a couple years ago, marked down from US$3.5k).
Which of any of these brands (or super offerings from Canon, Nikon, Olympus, Topcon, etc) is 'best' is somewhat a matter of personal preference, and of specific lenses. Don't get too infatuated with German glass (at least leave some for me!) but don't ignore it either. Such lenses are discussed extensively over at the
Manual Lenses Forum.