I have a Tokina 17 3.5 M42 lens (I think I paid about $100). I used in on a trip last summer and got this image. The lens is built well and performed well for my armature skill level. To be honest, I did not use it that often. When I use the 17 or shorter lenses I tend to jam them directly into the subject and focus very closely. They show a large field of view and composition can be challenging this wide.
I have used wide lenses from (10 – 22), a 24, 28 and 35. My preference is the 24 or 28.
The wonderful Takumar 35 3.5 M42 that I have used is very close to the 50’s that I use, so not sure you will see a whole lot of difference if you purchase one.
On a 24 you will notice a much wider view than a 50 but not so wide that composition is a concern. I use the 24 much more often than the 17. With the 24 I am less apt to jam the lens into the subject and simply work with a broader panoramic field of view.
With the exception of the Tokina M42, the other lenses are Nikkors and used on a Canon body (I use M42 Pentax lenses and bellows – hence my interest in this forum).
If you have not shot with a wide lens, then you may want to review sites that describe ways to shoot with them. I found this one helpful when getting started – I suppose a search would generate other sites for ideas as well.
How to Use Ultra-Wide Lenses