This depends a lot on your shooting style. There are solid lenses in all of the FL you mention - but not clear one is the "best" - it just depends on your application and style. Your 24-70 is a pretty useful FL range for landscape work, and IQ is quite good (so I've heard, I don't use one), so not clear you'd gain much in terms of IQ for landscapes by getting a prime, unless you went wider than 24mm. I use the Fa 20 on the K-1 for a lot of landscapes and love it, but I tend to shoot wide. YMMV. Portrait work is where I really think you'd stand to gain by adding a faster prime to your zoom. Thoughts:
- Fa 31 - pretty wide for portrait work on FF, but IQ is really good (though I agree I was less impressed on K-1 than I was on crop sensor) and it's fast w/ beautiful bokeh if you wanted to shoot really wide portraits
- 35 mm - not sure which lens you're talking about here as there are a number of them - don't think any of the pentax ones (Da 35/2.8 macro, Da 35/2.4, Fa 35/2) are portrait standouts, there is also the Sigma Art 35/1.4 which I don't know much about
- Fa 43 - contrary to MadMathMind above, I have actually loved this on FF. I didn't like it much on crop, but the FOV for me on FF is just right at the sweet spot, and it's produced some beautiful portraits of my kiddos - though you'll be working fairly close to your subject. I was frustrated primarily by AF inconsistency on the crop bodies, but this is improved (though not totally resolved) on the K-1. When it hits, the images it produces can rival any other lens I've used.
- 50 mm - tons of options. I've used multiple 50/1.7's (A, F, FA), Zeiss ZK makro planar, and the A 50/2.8 macro. While good, there are other lenses on this list better for both portraits and landscape work. The Zeiss was stunning in every way, but I found the rendering a little cooler and more clinical than the best Pentax primes.
- Da 55 - fantastic on FF, really sharp and contrasty. I actually found it a bit too contrasty and liked the slightly lower contrast, warmer rendering of the Fa 43 for portraits, so I kept it over the Da 55. But depending on your style, the Da 55 could be an absolute winner.
- Fa 77 - stunning on FF, enough said. In the same league as the famous legacy 85's (Fa 85, A 85) for portrait work, per most around here who have used both (I haven't). I've also found the Fa 77 to be very strong for more intimate landscape details (at both close and infinity working distances).
- Fa 85 - a Pentax portrait legend, some say a hair above even Fa 77. I don't know but have one on the way, so will know soon
There are a number of longer options (but still substantially shorter than your 300) if you want to do more tight portraits or work from farther away. A 135/1.8 is legendary but costs a kidney to get. Samyang 135 is affordable and by all accounts an optical monster (if you don't mind MF). There are multiple well-regarded 200 mm primes (Da 200, Fa 200). I don't have experience with any of these.
If I had to choose one of the above:
- If you really want something that's as versatile as possible, for portraits and landscapes, I'd pick the Fa 43
- If you want the best portrait lens, I'd choose the Fa 77. Da 55 could be a replacement if you want something a bit wider.
Good luck,
Brandon