Yes, approximately. You can have a visual representation here:
Nikon | Imaging Products | NIKKOR Lens Simulator (I know, Nikon, but hey, the tool is useful here
)
At 35 mm, your angle of view will be approximately 44º (on an APS-C body like your K-3). At 85 mm, your angle of view will be approximately 19º. So, to get the 35 mm image to show you
only the part that corresponds to the 85mm image, you will have to crop down to approximately 44% of the original image (35mm/85mm= 44%).
Your K-3 creates images measuring 4000 x 6016 pixels. With the 16-85 at 85 mm this is the size of your entire frame. With the 18-35 cropped to show the same, you will have a "window" of 1760 x 2645 pixels, which is a 4.7 MP image. This should still be enough to print, at 300 dpi (for a good quality image), to a 5.9x8.8 paper. To print this crop at 8x10 you might have to downscale to around 220 dpi, which will have an impact in the picture quality. In fact, the image quality from your crop at 8x10 will be the same as printing the entire frame at 18x27, give or take.
Not only that, but you will be getting very close to the pixel peeping level just because of the cropping, which means that any small problems with focusing, blur, aberrations, etc. will be magnified: this will probably turn a perfectly good 35 mm picture into a lousy 85 mm photo covered in purple streaks from the fringing. The crop you posted shows this, the 200 mm crop of the 18-35 would make a technically bad picture.
All in all, I would recommend the 16-85 or even two lenses (18-35 + 55-300 perhaps?) to avoid this problems.