Early? Late?
It is all relative in the world of Zenit cameras and the lenses that were made to fit them. Your lens is the first in a series designed with automatic aperture in the M42 mount. That is the significance of the "M". Although other designs followed (44M-4, 44M-5, and so on), the basic 44M was produced for at least a decade starting in about 1972. The optical quality is supposed to improve in the 44M-x sequence though it is important to note that the higher numbers do not indicate a newer lens. For example, some 44M-4 lenses were made earlier than some 44M copies.
Despite being the earlier tooling, your lens is no slouch. I own the Helios 44M and am very fond of two of its unique features. It has both an A/M switch and the eight-bladed iris diaphragm. The 44M-x models lack both.
Here is the pocket Helios 44 summary:
- All share the same optical formula based on the Zeiss Biotar 58/2
- Except for the earliest production, the first two digits of the serial number are the year of manufacture
- The early designs have all-metal bodies with the later having more plastic parts
- Models intended for export have Roman characters, while others have Cyrillic lettering.
Helios 44: pre-set aperture, eight or thirteen-bladed iris, most are M39 mount (rarely M42)
Helios 44-2: M42, pre-set aperture, eight-bladed iris
Helios 44-3: M42, pre-set aperture, eight-bladed iris, Multi-coated, updated body
Helios 44M: M42, auto aperture, eight-bladed iris, A/M switch, rare with MC
Helios 44M-4: M42, auto aperture, six-bladed iris, no A/M switch, some with MC
Helios 44M-5: same as above but with improved optical quality and MC
Helios 44M-6: ditto
Helios 44M-7: ditto
Here is a link to my earlier thread with lots of Helios info:
https://www.pentaxforums.com/forums/pentax-slr-lens-discussion/67775-sibling-...s-44m-4-a.html
Here is another link to an extensive discussion (some of which is mildly inaccurate) of the Helios 44 clan:
Manual Focus Lenses :: View topic - Complete Helios Lens list anyone?
Enjoy your new lens and post some pictures up!
Steve