Originally posted by twitch I don't see how this wouldn't be a firmware fix. The camera knows the EV, and it already has the capability for fine tuning AF on a per lens basis. Those 2 capabilities together add up to a pure software fix is my best guess, not additional hardware.
You may want to check the thread on Falk's paper over at Pentax News and Rumors.
My experiments today seem to indicate the issue is related to both EV and colour temperature of the light source.
I was able to get the camera to focus correctly when illuminated by a weak light, but to misfocus shooting directly at a yellowish light source.
It would also seem that stray light may or may not also influence the results.
If a firmware fix is possible, it now seems to be a complex fix (the camera need to take into account several variables, including brightness, light temperature, lens curvature, lens aperture, possibly even stray light) - based on Falk's results in conjunction with my relatively unscientific experiments and also input from another member (dlacouture).
My suspicion is that the issue is hardware, specifically the design of the AF module, together with lens type/model. This is not something that will be easy for Pentax to address, and appears to have more or less existed for several generations of cameras now (we now have people confirming similar issues on the K10D, K20D, K-7, K-x, K-r and the K-5) - perhaps the problem can be addressed in future models.