I'm not sure this is a slam dunk for the 55-300. If you look at Gene V's comments from seventysixerfans post you can see that not "everyone" thinks it's "better" when you consider ALL of the attributes of each. The extra size and weight of the 55-300 is substantial, though I would concede that if you need the extra length it may be worth it. As far as IQ goes, I agree that it's considered to be better.....but how much better really? After hearing all the negative comments on the 50-200, I purchased it somewhat reluctantly as part of a kit primarily because the price for the brand new K-r and both lenses (18-55 also) was $499 on Ebay (I made an offer and they accepted). That's the same price I paid for my *istDL with just the 18-55 several years ago. To say I was pleasantly surprised by the results is a major understatement.
Just for grins, take a look at this shot I took recently with the same setup you were considering......the K-r and the 50-200. This is basically default settings on the camera, using AF-C (which after learning how to use I get almost 90% keepers) AND at the supposedly soft focal length of 200mm. I cropped this shot moderately and then it was additionally downsized by the photo site (click on the image for full size):
IMGP0317-3.jpg picture by ccd333 - Photobucket
Here is the EXIF (also posted on the site)......
Camera Make: PENTAX
Camera Model: PENTAX K-r
Date/Time: 2011:04:30 10:20:56
Resolution: 2058 x 1409
Flash Used: No
Focal Length: 200.0mm (35mm equivalent: 300...
Exposure Time: 0.0002 s (1/5000)
Aperture: f/5.6
ISO Equiv.: 400