Originally posted by sharepointalex he has a setting on his body to adjust the flash sync speed
Your camera sets the sync speed to 1/180 sec for any lenses that aren't DA, DFA, FA and F series, so that explains why the shutter speed can't be changed when the Tamron is on your camera. If you use modern and somewhat modern Pentax lenses, you can change the shutter speed to anything slower than 1/180 in Tv, TAv and M modes, in P, Sv and Av modes, the camera will set the shutter speed slower automatically to use ambient light. Depending on whether SR is turned on and the mode you are using, the camera might only reduce shutter speed to a point where camera movement should be still acceptable. Or not, in Av mode, I've had shutter speeds as slow as 3 seconds while using the flash. In P mode on my K-30 it doesn't seem to go below 1/25 sec.
Originally posted by sharepointalex using the flash off camera as a slave and using the built-in flash to fire the Metz I can't seem to use 2nd curtain sync
To be honest I've only tried the Metz in trailing curtain mode when it was on the camera. I can't find anything in the Metz manual that says 2nd curtain sync
doesn't work in wireless mode, it does say that this type of synchronization may not even work while on the camera depending on how your camera functions. If the camera can't make the Metz do 2nd curtain sync, it operates normally, so I'm not sure how you would tell if it works wirelessly or not. If the K-3 manual is anything like the one for the K-30, good luck trying to find an answer there.
You may not realize that this model of flash fires for 1/125 sec on full power, so if you need full power and your shutter speed is faster than 1/125, you won't get the exposure you expect from full power. Basically, your flash controls its light output by controlling the length of time it is firing. So for all intents and purposes, the difference in flash sync speed between Pentax and Nikon doesn't have much practical impact.