I used to handle product photography. I cant comment on what products Might be good now but back then I had 4 tungsten studio lights, 2 strobes, 4 reversible flash brollies, one large softbox and various reflectors. A large number of drapes for different backgrounds, acrylic blocks for product placement, adjustable plinth for objects, diffusers and light gels for the tungstens. The last thing a bought was scary expensive which was a coolbox....a natural daylight lamp system about 4 foot square to give very natural looking light as the ambient source.
The biggest cost was probably all the extras, stuff like lab stands to hold things, tripods, acrylic blocks, base surfaces for product to stand on and various gubbins to hold backgrounds plus a vast props collection to give some reference points in the photo. Eg if you are doing a hunting knife stuff like a compass, water bottle, logs and outdoor looking stuff to give it some natural context.
Worst for me was a shoe catalogue where I needed lots of surfaces, wooden floor, different marbles, paving stone etc etc etc.
Oh and about a million clothes pegs, bulldog clips and croc clips to hold stuff in place plus a lifetime supply of gaffa tape and low tack tape.
Forgotten a lot if what I knew back then and obvioulsy dont know what you may know now. But studios have their challenges, space being the big one. Basic lighting is for an ambient. Normally the coolbox or a tungsten brollied plus a key light, directly aimed at the subject. Ambient gives the basic lighting and the keylight gives the focused light simulating the sun. Much depends on what you are shooting, is it reflective or flat, does it need to sparkle with highlights. Do you need to mask or have a dead zone to stop spurrious reflections in the subject.
The fastest way to learn is to do it really. Take some houshold objects and get going. When I started I had a stool to put stuff on and a couple of flash heads and some tripods and improvised the rest from bedsheets and cut up cloth and over time as it started paying I bought more stuff including models ( feet models, hand models for shoes and some products hair models even for some stuff you need live props
)
Sorry thats all very general but truly the fastest way to learn product is do it and it will also refine just what gear you need. Biggest headache is dealing with the cusomers many of whom want a Michelin Calendar shoot complete wit Bahamian beach and a top model and all for £50
seriously though get the customer needs certain at the start, some products have specific requirements. I cant recall kf it was tea or port wine but one of them used to be always required showing small bubbles in the liquid ( three I think ) ....that may be apocryphal as it came to me third hand when I was starting but it does show some customers can be VERY specific in their needs and may not communicate this at the start.
I once managed a shoot, rather than being the lens for it, for a certain well known aperitif and we spent two days getting a picture of a bottle and also a glass of the wretched stuff before the creatives were happy. Onhhhh can you make it look shinier, thats too much now, can we make the top look more frothy, flat, curved, not so much, maybe it would look better in a different glass etc etc etc