The CBO is a nice institution, I hope they don't cut them out as non-essential (i.e. not defense, social security, or medicare) that seems to be the sole area where Republicans may be willing to meet Democrats.
Anyway, you can download all sorts of interesting data, and crunch the numbers yourself.
Congressional Budget Office - Distribution of Federal Taxes
For example, by quintile etc, how much did pre-tax and after tax incomes grow between 1979 and 2007? Glad you asked
Pre Tax income
Lowest quintile is up 10.8%
Second is up 17.7%
Middle is up 19.2%
Fourth is up 28.6%
Top is up 88.7%
So how about after tax?
Lowest up 15.7%
Second up 22.6%
Middle up 25.4%
Fourth up 34.7%
Top up 95%
In general, this demonstrates the effect of tax decreases during the period.
So, how did the top of the top do?
Top 10% pre: up 115.8% / post 124.8%
Top 5%: 145.7% / 159.7%
Top 1%: 240.5% / 280.8%
These are in constant 2007 dollars.
The American wealth machine seems to have been working, creating a lot of wealth at the top. However, this hasn't trickled down so much - and this isn't necessarily a taxation issue (exclusively) but one of education and job skills - and job creation also, as I see that offshoring not only reduces jobs in the USA but also creates salary deflation pressure - counterbalancing the salary inflation the offshore areas experience.
Half of all after tax income is earned by the top quintile, 29% by the top 10%, and 17% by the top 1%. The top 5% earn, after taxes, a greater percentage of all income than the bottom 60% combined.
The average post tax income of the bottom quintile went from $15.3K to $17.7K, the top quintile from $101.7k to $198.3K. The top 5% went from $169.6K to $440.5K.
What's the minimum adjusted income in 2007 to put you on top? To make the top 20%,. $74.4k, top 10%, $102.9K, top 10%, $141.9K, and top 1%, $352.9K.