Originally posted by traderdrew If I am not mistaken European governments own land and it is not in possession of their food industry. Is this right? This makes me question their business structure and if it is really a free market. Without owning land it would seem to me there would be much less incentive to invest in it. Thus subventions could be inevitable when governments constantly have their hands in it such as excessive ownership, regulation and taxes.
Well actually the don't own land, at least not farming land. But they do pay subventions to the farmers depending on how much land they have, and what crops they grow on that land, even depending on where that land is. Sometimes they'll even pay farmers not to grow any crops.
If we are talking about milk-producers, then actually every one has a quota about how many cows he/she should have and subventions are payed for every milkilng cow. So if you have more cows than allowed then subventions are severely reduced. If you just want to start your milk producing busines from scratch then you have to buy a farm with already existing quota since it is virtually impossible to get the quota from scratch.
Surpluss is then exported or sent as humanitarian help to countries which can not export food to europe (oranges) since european producers have so big subventions.
Actually a funny part was a trade agreement between EU and Serbia about exporting serbian sugar surpluss to EU countries from some years ago. EU knew how much sugar Serbia could produce and about how big surpluss should be. The EU "internal" sugar market price was at that time about 3 times higher than the shugar price on world market. So some serbian "businesman" together with some goverment officials have exported all sugar produced that year together with some sugar from strategic reserves. To cover the deficit on the domestic market they imported sugar (at third of price) from sugar producing countries from south america (Brazil, Colombia...). Of course EU didn't like what has happened and then officials lower the quota Serbia could export to the EU market the following year... This is just to ilustrate the sicknes of the whole system