Originally posted by bobD Only because America wouldn't take the convicts any more.
Oh, and some, what were to become States in Oz, were never penal colonies.
Many transported to Australia were sent for the most trivial offences. I do have to wonder when I look at the range of people transported, e.g., architects, skilled stonemasons, builders, etc. They couldn't have all been hardened criminals - not like the Kiwis we are deporting.
When the British try to raise the penal colony bit, I like to point out that many of those sent here were able to become, through hard work, affluent and respected members of the community, something that would never have happened had they remained in Britain or Ireland.