Although in all likelihood, the one taken with the DA*300 will show more detail, because it's a superior lens. I find that the K3's sensor tends to outresolve my Sigma at the long end, for instance. I don't find my k f/4 300mm to be any better than the Sigma (worse when used wide open, in fact), an I'm guessing the Takumar will be similar in performance to the K f/4 300mm. But indeed, More Duck would take up the same size no matter which of the two lenses you'd use.
Case in point, here is More Duck...not the exact cut-out I used in the example, but roughly similar. K3 with Sigma 170-500. I could easily blow it up more, but it wouldn't really show more detail. In fact, it's pretty soft already.