Originally posted by regken Your point is well taken as long as you are limiting the ISO to less than 800. There are always trade offs. The idea of having optimum performance in both resolution and high ISO in one body is rather silly. As good as the K20D sensor is I'm sure you could bump the resolution up to near FF quality by increasing the MP count and stayed below ISO 800. Conversely you could increase high ISO quality substantially by reducing the MP's down to the 10 MP area.
That begs the question does Pentax have the nerve to produce two different bodies optimized for specific markets. Secondly are there enough buyers out there that are willing to purchase two separate cameras to get optimum performance.
That doesn't explain why the K20D sensor is better than any previous pentax sensor at high ISO.
Sensor noise is a function of the area of the sensor. If you take a FF sensor and crop out a portion the size of an APS-C sensor, you have to enlarge that crop more than the FF crop to get the same image size, and the noise is enlarged with that. To take it even further, crop out a portion the size of a compact camera's sensor and you have to enlarge it by a huge amount to get the same resulting image size, magnifying the noise by a huge amount as well. With a given sensor technology, the noise levels per area of sensor are going to remain essentially the same regardless of pixel pitch. The difference is that with higher pixel densities, the noise is divided between smaller and more numerous pixels, which reads in test as "more noise per pixel" and looks worse in 1:1 crops and gets denounced on web forums, even though it looks better in print because the actual noise level of the overall image is the same. With lower pixel densities, it's not that the noise isn't there, you just don't have a high enough level of detail to see its effect. It's like diffraction; it's always there in the same amounts regardless of pixel density, it's just that with higher pixel densities you can see it better. Neither are dependent on pixel density: noise is dependent on area and the type of sensor technology used, the other is dependent on the laws of optical physics.
So why is the K20D sensor's better, and the K10D's sensor a bit worse, and the older 6mp sensor surprisingly good? The difference is in the sensor technology. Advances in sensor technology are what improve the noise performance of a sensor. Pixel density just determines how well we can see the way the sensor performs. The tech used in the K10D sensor is noisier per area than the older 6mp sensor, and the tech used in the new K20D sensor is the best of them at higher ISO and the most detailed at lower ISO.
We're going to see both improved high ISO performance and higher resolution from APS-C sensors as the technology improves. The main tradeoff is file size.