Originally posted by redrockcoulee It is not that I am right and you are wrong but I am referring to LF and you are to 35mm format.
For the benefit of others who may not have read up on camera movements I will clarify this issue.
When using a view or technical camera, that is, one which has a front bellows, "rise" and "fall" refer to vertical movements. It is these that are used to remove perspective distortion. "Shift" refers to left and right movements of the lens, which is mostly used to avoid reflections of the camera itself in glass and so on.
However, on cameras without a front bellows, namely 35mm and medium format, the term "shift" is commonly used to refer to any of these movements. In this case vertical shifts will straighten converging lines but horizontal shifts will not.
Similarly, tilting the lens forwards or backwards, to change the focal plane, is called "tilt" on a view camera. Tilting the lens left or right is called "swing". But both of these are called "tilt" in 35mm, assuming one has a lens that can do both (it must be able to rotate).
All of these front standard movements are a function of the
camera in the case of view cameras. But they are the function of the specific
lens in 35mm. Without a tilt/shift lens one cannot begin to approximate the degree of control view cameras offer.
Rear standard movements may also be available on view cameras. Some of these duplicate the effects of front standard movements (though with different effects on image size, etc.) while others help with convergence control when shooting at a subject on an angle. But I think it is safe to say that these situations are significantly less prevalent than those covered by front standard movements.