Originally posted by rod_grant Sometimes it is just obvious which aspect should be used (see below); sometimes we have to work at it (which I am either not good at, or too lazy). Just for example, the first one is looking down the boardwalk/steps. The second one is the same boardwalk looking back.
Yes and sometimes you can see the same scene either way, just to emphasize different aspects.
This one directs attention to the cows walking back from milking.
Whereas this one puts the whole farm in context.
Vertical is a natural perspective for tall trees.
But a horizontal view shows the trees as part of a forest.
(This is an extreme example, because it is 8 vertical images stitched.)
There's an interesting thread which shows what can be done with landscapes in portrait orientation:
Post Your Portrait-Orientation Landscapes! - PentaxForums.com
Computer monitors, and hosting sites like Flickr, are inherently biased against vertical shots. But they get a fair go on a tablet/phone you can rotate, and in a print.