There are too many folks for me to thank individually, but to all who contributed useful information and views (and to everyone, for keeping this a friendly and respectful discussion on a contentious subject), a big THANK YOU
I now believe I have a better understanding of why a larger sensor of the same era and same (or greater) resolution as a smaller sensor, both paired with relevant high-performing glass to provide the same field of view, should provide better image quality straight out of the camera. I also accept that reproduction medium, dimensions and viewing distance aren't part of that comparison, but continue to believe that - as part of the individual photographer's use cases and intents - they're important in defining whether-or-not that better image quality can be realised in the end product.
I remain interested to carry out some testing between my K-3 and Sony A7II when time allows, to see how much difference is visible - for different subjects and ISO sensitivities - when pixel-peeping. It's purely a curiosity thing, as I'm subjectively quite contented with the output from my old 10MP APS-C Samsung GX-10, even when printed to suitable dimensions for display on my living room wall. But I'll be interested to see how noticeable the difference is.
Thanks again, folks