An orchid, The Vanda Miss Joaquim is Singapore's national flower. This orchid was first discovered in 1893, in the garden of Miss Agnes Joaquim, the daughter of an Armenian merchant in Singapore. It was registered within the same year. The Vanda Miss Joaquim is a hybrid between the Vanda teres and the Vanda hookerana. On 15 April 1981, the Vanda Miss Joaquim was proclaimed the National Flower of Singapore by then Minister of Culture S. Dhanabalan. The selection of a national flower was part of Singapore’s overall effort at fostering national pride and a sense of identity. Orchids are a national passion, and Singapore plays a major role in the cultivation and supply of orchids to the world. Meaning Vanda Miss Joaquim was chosen as Singapore's national flower from among 40 other contenders, including some 30 orchids. It was selected particularly because of its hardy and resilient qualities and its ability to bloom throughout the year. These are characteristics which reflect Singapore's quest for progress and excellence in all aspects of life. In a speech by Minister for National Development Mah Bow Tan at the official opening of the Singapore Orchid Show in 2006, he said: “As the flower most associated with hybrids, the orchid is also a symbol of our multi-cultural heritage. It is representative of the harmony among our ethnic communities, as well as with our many foreign visitors.”