I suppose the use of a white, gray, and black card would be/should consistent with the dynamic range (DR) under the controlled setting (e.g., studio or outdoors in simple front lighting). Then the white would be close to 100% reflectance, the black about 3% reflectance (ideally although likely more) and the gray 18% (in between) if a 5 stop range. I.e., 100%-50%-25%-12%-6%-3%.
Actually the gray card may be lower (10-12%), or the equivalent incident light meter calibration, depending on the author/authority. Likely because the DR may be (typically) closer to 7 stops (as the scene is typically more complex with three dimensional objects in partial lighting).
Oh--ignore what I said about setting it for flash--I was thinking in studio, not outdoors w/ flash as (presumably) fill in. BTW Ideally/if very critical you would cover the flash w/ a light balancing filter to adjust flash to prevailing daylight temperature--although in practice it is about 5500K so none needed.
Last edited by dms; 02-04-2015 at 12:07 PM.