Originally posted by janosh Don't dumb the images down with totally flat lighting. Life isn't like that.
Food typically needs sparkle, which means you need some non-flat component to the lighting.
A real art director/publisher/designer will evaluate your work various ways, one of which involves your awareness of shadows. Look into them (eg under a strawberry or rim of plate).. If there's no detail in a shadow, is that intentional or due to lack of awareness? You should at least think about reflectors: they can be backs of menus, 4X6 cards with or without aluminum foil, a white apron....whatever...
I would emphasize janosh's short post. If you can get your hands on Professional Photographer magazine, there was a recent feature by the photographer (sorry, don't remember his name) who does the shooting for basically all Jamie Oliver books and magazines. His credo was: use the real food, no tricks and work fast (he does something like 17 shots a day...). That way the food will look natural and that's key for the success of his images.
Setting: I would try to keep it as simple as possible. Shoot in a real environment. I use mostly a real hardwood dining table as my shooting table. The wood and added decoration are an important part of the served food.
Lighting: One broad and diffused light source to give the right lighting level and one or two lights to gives some sparkle and depth (shadows do that), should be sufficient for single dishes. Often the natural light from a window and a reflector are great. Just be aware, that light temperature of natural light can be very variable and it is very important to get a correct white balance (use a reference target from time to time in your shots - that makes colour balancing much easier).
Ben