Originally posted by GUB Where does the light meter reside - it would be up top wouldn't it?
Yes, it is attached to the pentaprism.
BTW, modern metering chips have sufficiently high resolution so that they can support subject detection, e.g., faces or even eyes. The K-3 III makes use of this ability to soften the "D" in "DSLR" by allowing eye-AF, even when using the optical viewfinder and/or tracking of moving subjects for informing AF-C acquisition. In both cases, the actual (PDAF) focusing is still done via the separate AF module, but the metering chips allows the camera to select the appropriate AF point.
Originally posted by GUB Otherwise the main body of noise we experience is simply a function of a light starved pixel and the errors that come from amplifying that weak signal.
In low light the signal (light) itself is noisy. Even if the amplification of the weak signal were perfect (which it is very close to with modern sensors), you'd still see a "salt & pepper" rendering of the scene.
Most of the noise you see in a high-ISO (<- read "low light") image is just proof of the stochastic nature of light which is normally masked by enormous amounts of photons but can be observed when you get into low photon count territory.
With very long exposures you obviously get a good noise contribution from the sensor due to thermal noise (as the sensor is heating up during exposure and its nearly perfect photon to electron conversion deteriorates).
Originally posted by GUB A smaller format gives greater dof (depth of field) for a given fstop.
In some sense yes, but not really.
The f-stop numbers only appear to be equal as they are numerically the same, but their meaning varies along with the format.
MF-f/2 is very different to Pentax Q-f/2. It is rather misleading that the same numbers are used in both cases.
Just like MF-50mm is very different to Pentax Q-50mm.
Note that if you move a lens from an FF camera to an APS-C camera and keep the subject distance the same and the f-stop the same, it is the APS-C camera that will produce a shallower DOF image (due to the higher enlargement factor of APS-C compared to FF). A DOF calculator will confirm this. Of course this is an apples to oranges comparison as the images will look very different (due to the different FOV), but it is worth pondering about the actual effects of using a smaller format.
Originally posted by GUB That is why on Full frame if doing a closeup I often pull back with cropping to apsc in mind to get a bit more dof.
You gain the DOF by increasing the distance to the subject (not by changing the format).
You actually lose DOF by cropping to APS-C (as cropping is equivalent to using a longer lens (disregarding pixel count loss)). Again, using the same lens on APS-C and FF leads to a shallower DOF (if you keep the camera distance the same).
In your scenario, you gain more DOF by increasing the distance to the subject than you lose DOF by (effectively) increasing the focal length, hence your technique works.