Originally posted by RICHARD L. After rectifying the line of horizon and obtaining straight lines horizontally and vertically, I selected only the upper part of the picture taken at 1/4000 sec @ f/4 (upper image) and the upper part of the picture taken at 1/60 sec @ f/32 (lower image). The original focus had been set on rock outcroppings in the lower part of the complete images previously posted so, far-away, infinity detail is what appears in the two accompanying images. The image taken @ f/4 seems more fuzzy (larger circles of confusion), the lens being used almost wide-open and lacking sufficient depth-of-field in this 2X magnification. The second image taken @ f/32 seems much sharper, having more resolution and better depth-of-field. You have to enlarge the pictures somewhat to be able to discriminate which aperture opening is really sharper, although usually f/11 or f/16 prove to be the OPTIMUM aperture opening for any 645 medium-format lenses.
That all makes little sense, especially in the world of digital photography, where you don't "have to enlarge the pictures", or crop them first, in order to be able to inspect them at 100%.
But, as I said, of course what may be "acceptable" sharpness depends on final magnification, and if you crop and then magnify more to print or display at the same size, then of course the same level of blur will become less "acceptable".
As to f/11 or f/16 being "optimum"... That depends, too. Those apertures will be more affected by diffraction than, say, f/5.6. But the lens *may* be less sharp at f/5.6 than at f/11... Or not.