I imagine that the majority of published photos have some editing done to them. It may be a quick tonal tweak or crop, or it may entail hours of editing, but anybody who claims to get consistently perfect results direct from camera to print is either delusional or misrepresenting their work. I know a lot of excellent photographers, several of them pros, and none of them are that good.
Study the work of any top photographers and you'll find that they spent a lot of time processing their images. Thank goodness that I don't have to spend hours dodging, burning, double exposing and applying special processing in the darkroom anymore.
If you're looking to start with photo editing, I think Photoshop Elements is a great program that will take you a long ways.
michael
My Port Townsend – A City in Photographs