Matrix metering will usually do a pretty good job of detecting and compensating for a back-lit subject. Other alternatives include (easiest to hardest):
- Chimp the rear LCD followed by adding one or more stops exposure compensation. The histogram is helpful.
- P-TTL Fill flash...the camera's built-in flash does a reasonable job for this task
- Spot meter off a gray card using AE lock or M mode with the card receiving the same light as the subject. Use the metered reading directly. Remember to turn spot metering off when done.
- Spot meter off the subject using AE lock or M mode and add one or more stops exposure compensation depending on subject*
- Use an external (hand held) meter to measure the incident light to the subject
The first two are simplest and the most intuitive. Spot metering works well except that it is a specialized tool and not suitable for general shooting. The gray card and incident light measurement are the most reliable and are fully equivalent.
Steve
* Exposure compensation is usually required due to the meter being calibrated to a standardized illuminant whose brightness may be different than your subject. Example: Spot meter a white sheet of paper and take the picture of that white sheet. The gray shade captured by the camera is about the same as the calibration standard. That is where the gray card comes in.