Originally posted by MichaelS I'm debating getting a teleconverter. I would use it rarely so can't justify spending a lot. I've seen many on Ebay anywhere from tens of dollars to hundreds and from manufacturers I'
ve never heard of. Also what's the difference between teleconverters and extension tubes? Any help or suggestions would be appreciated. I've got a K3 and K5. I would use the converter on my Pentax 55/300 mainly. thanks
Let's say you have a basic 55mm lens. The 55mm applies for an object at infinity and is the distance between the lens and the film or sensor which gives a sharp focus. The aperture is what determines how much light is passed and what f-stop applies.
Now, if you move closer to an object, the effective focal length starts to increase. To compensate, you move the lens away from the film or sensor (focusing the lens). Let's say however that the lens doesn't have the ability to focus. You can put an extension between the lens and the film or sensor plane to compensate for the increased focal length. That's what an extension tube does and it is used primarily when a given lens runs out of its near focusing adjustability so you can focus on objects really close up.
In some cases, you just want a larger image (a longer focal length). In this case, a teleconverter is used. It has optics which increase the effective focal length of the lens it's attached to. It also keeps the new larger image in focus on the film or sensor.
In either case, a longer focal length without any changes in the original lens aperture means a higher f-stop and less light. If you double the focal length, the f-stop doubles and you get one-fourth as much light. With extension tubes, you can determine how much the focal length increases by the length of the tube. With teleconverters, the X1.4 or X2 is the multiplier for the focal length and the f-stop of the result. If you're shooting using a 55mm lens at f4, it becomes a 110mm f8 lens with a x2 teleconverter.
A good teleconverter will give image quality which essentially depends on the quality of the original lens but degraded slightly depending on how much magnification you choose. A poor teleconverter is just that and will degrade the image quality quite a bit more, particularly in the image corners. Good teleconverters don't perform well with poor lenses because any lens issues are also magnified by the teleconverter, and then some lens/teleconverter combinations just aren't the best and poor images result.
When using a teleconverter, just be prepared for dark images through the viewfinder and sluggish or disabled autofocusing because of the stretched focal length and higher f number. The metering system of the camera will usually take care of exposure issues due to the new f-stop range, but be aware that in some cases, manual compensation might be needed (and then some teleconverters don't couple the camera to the original lens so it's all manual in that case).
That's an Extension tube/Teleconverter 101 explanation.