I don't know how applicable this is, microSD cards were used in the testing and SPI mode was tested against UHS-I.
About halfway down are the power consumption test.
Experiment: microSD Card Power Consumption & SPI Performance | Gough's Tech Zone
"Current consumption overall was broadly similar on average in SPI mode – in the 20 to 25mA ballpark, with writes usually consuming higher currents. Attempting the same in UHS-I mode shows higher current consumption as the card is doing more “work” – sometimes higher draws in read purely because of the amount of bus and controller activity that occurs when reading at a speed that is significantly faster than the write speed. The peak current recorded was 300mA, while 100ms average current peaked at 80mA, significantly less than the numbers I had seen prior."
So the way I'm reading this and the datasheet referenced in the paper UHS-I consumes 2-4 times or more power as SPI mode. I'm assuming, perhaps wrongly, that older non-UHS-I cards us SPI mode.