Comments on the cameras.
AP:
The first Pentax SLR with pentaprism viewfinder. The camera had no engraved model designation but was later referred to as 'AP'.
The camera had two shutter speed dials. The one on the top plate sets the fast speeds: 1/500, 1/200, 1/100, and 1/50s, the one on the front the slow speeds (controlled by a timer): 1/25, 1/10, 1/5, 1/2, and 1s.
S:
The first 35mm Pentax SLR with pentaprism, the 'AP' model, was soon followed by the 'S' model. The key difference was in callibration of the shutter speeds, which now followed the pattern we see today.
The camera still had two shutter speed dials. The one on the top plate sets the fast speeds: 1/500, 1/250, 1/125, and 1/60s, the one on the front the slow speeds (controlled by a timer): 1/30, 1/15, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, and 1s.
K:
The 'S' model, was soon followed by the 'K' model, which improved the top shutter speed to 1/1000s. More importantly, the 'K' model introduced the first version of what was called auto-aperture: With the new Auto Takumar lenses, the camera would stop down the aperture to the shooting value just prior to firing the shutter. One then had to manually open up the aperture again with a lever on the lens. The later Super Takumar lenses solved this inconveniece - their aperture would open up again automatically after the exposure.
The camera still had two shutter speed dials. The one on the top plate sets the fast speeds: 1/1000, 1/500, 1/250, 1/125, 1/60 and 1/25s, the one on the front the slow speeds (controlled by a timer): 1/30, 1/15, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, and 1s.
S2:
The 'S2' model was the first Pentax to have only one shutter speed dial thus getting rid of the slow speed dial on the front. Unlike the previous models the shutter speed dial did not rotate when the shutter fired.
Another improvement was a small window on the top plate which would turn red when the shutter was cocked.
Finally, the foosing screen now had microprisms in the center which made achieving precise focus easier. The fastest shutter speed was lowered to 1/500 perhaps to justify a lower sales price.
Spotmatic II:
Compared to the original Spotmatic, the Spotmatic II added a hot shoe and extended metering to ISO 3200
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