All lenses have subtle differences in color rendition, contrast, tonal transitions, etc.. It's more evident when looking at RAW digital files (since little else is "coloring" the resultant image), but I'd hazard a guess that there is a certain amount of confirmation bias occurring in most cases where a subjective "betterness" (I made up that word) is perceived. There are variations in the same lens model even. But yes, a film emulsion obviously leaves a "signature" that is far,
far more evident than the subtle differences between, say, two 50mm lenses of similar speed and lens formula from two different manufacturers or lines, at least in terms of color IMO.
In b&w photography, particularly film,
some of those differences become more pronounced. What I mean to say is - a generalized "Pentax lens signature" is by it's nature a huge idea, spanning focal lengths and years of manufacturing - I don't see how those tiny peculiarities that are so varied over so much glass and so much time can be said to be similar to the characteristics of a single Kodak film emulsion (with all it's enormous shifts and color variations depending on exposure level) that's been around just over a decade. Apples and breadfruit to me.